Overview
Back pain treatment should separate muscle strain from nerve pain.
Sciatica usually describes pain travelling from the lower back or buttock into the leg, often with tingling, numbness or weakness. Back pain can also arise from muscle strain, disc problems, posture stress, arthritis, injury or spinal narrowing. The right treatment depends on the pattern and severity.
Pain pattern reviewLower back pain, leg radiation, numbness and triggers are assessed.
Nerve checkStrength, reflexes and sensation may be examined when sciatica is suspected.
Stepwise treatmentMedication, rest, physiotherapy and posture correction are often first-line.
Red flags matterWeakness or bladder/bowel symptoms need urgent evaluation.
Symptoms to discuss
- Lower back pain lasting more than a few days or recurring often
- Pain travelling to buttock, thigh, calf or foot
- Numbness, tingling, burning or electric shock-like pain
- Weakness, foot drop or difficulty walking
- Pain after fall, accident or heavy lifting
Treatment pathway
- 1Clinical diagnosis
The doctor evaluates posture, spine movement, nerve signs and pain triggers.
- 2Imaging when necessary
X-ray or MRI may be advised when pain is severe, persistent or nerve symptoms are present.
- 3Non-surgical care
Most cases start with medicines, activity modification, physiotherapy and guided strengthening.
- 4Advanced referral if needed
Severe nerve compression or progressive weakness may need urgent specialist planning.
Seek urgent care for sudden leg weakness, loss of bladder or bowel control, numbness around the groin, or severe pain after major injury.